Saturday, August 22, 2020

Andrew Jackson Essay Example for Free

Andrew Jackson Essay Andrew Jackson (1767 â€1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829â€1837) and he was one of the most well known and disputable U. S. presidents in American history. Andrew Jacksons political decision to the administration in 1828 made another time with political and monetary open doors for the regular man. He likewise turned into the dad of the Democratic Party and accomplished distinction as defender of the basic man. I think we couldnt deny that Jackson was as yet an individual; he couldn’t be impeccable in each and every thing. Its the motivation to clarify for what he did during his life, Jackson was considered as a saint, and furthermore was he thought to be a miscreant according to numerous individuals. In spite of the fact that the way that he raised the period of â€Å"Jacksonia Democracy† and he was acknowledged as the delegate of the whole generation’s belief system, he was the person who isolated classes and segregated ruthlessly those not seen as evident Americans. The pertinent models were the occasions in 1800s, outstandingly Indian Removal Act. It brought up an issue whether Andrew Jackson was a majority rule president. I think he had a decent popularity based belief system for the United States yet his activity just as his off-base choice contradicted his idea. Additionally, Mr. Meacham (a writer of American Lion Book) perceived â€Å"the catastrophe of Jackson’s life is that a man devoted to opportunity neglected to consider freedom to be a widespread, not a specific, blessing. † The job of Andrew Jackson’s administration in confirming the new vote based legislative issues Andrew Jackson grew up with a brutal youth that he didn't have guardians and his proficiency was inconsistent. In his young life, he filled in as an attorney in Tennessee and a fighter when war happened between the United States and Britain. Jackson turned into a well known military legend from his great triumph in the war of 1812, particularly from his success the accomplished armed force in New Orleans in January, 1815 and â€Å"he would become Americas most influentialâ€and polarizingâ€political figure during the 1820s and 1830s†. Also, he was unique in relation to his forerunners for being chosen by famous vote. This demonstrated Andrew Jacksons solid effect on American legislative issues had been unavoidable before his time in office and it persistently spread out. Another period of American legislative issues that followed the time of Jeffersonian majority rule government started with president’s job which made a splendid circumstance and more noteworthy vote based system for basic man. His approach got first succeed which grows the option to decide in favor of every single white man and end the property capabilities for casting a ballot. Before Jacksons time, open authorities utilized their own decisions as opposed to the desire for some voters. In any case, under Jacksonian Democracy, their demonstrations relied upon the appeal of individuals. During the two terms, he attempted to extend the presidential force by utilizing the veto which changed both the American governmental issues and society. Jackson was the uncommon one that pre-owned his capacity as the CEO in battling against Congress. Also, these activities were supposed to be extremely forceful. Be that as it may, these strategies were to portray himself as a president with a solid and obstinate style. For example, having the national bank annihilated was a significant achievement in Jacksons vocation. The motivation behind why he finished the US bank framework was that it played the job as an imposing business model over outside and local. In addition, he couldn't help contradicting the way that these banks just thought about the enthusiasm of the rich, and genuinely to state they were held to serve the most extravagant class in the public eye. It could be seen that Jacksons choice to wreck these banks confronted numerous contentions from just the most extravagant class. What's more, Daniel Webster through his letter additionally recommended Jackson about the hazard to risk people groups freedom while rehearsing his demonstration. He expressed that â€Å"it wantonly assaults entire classes of the individuals, to betray them the partialities and the feelings of disdain of different classes. It was proposing that the veto could turn the classes of individuals to be over different classes position. In the outcome, a great deal of banks fallen which pushed the national economy closer to the edge of profound sorrow. In spite of the fact that the choice to veto the Bank System confronted numerous restrictions, â€Å"check and balance system† in American legislative issues was practiced well to command over individuals from Congress. For this situation, he did actually a great job in the job of a president. In principle, in spite of the fact that Jackson’s Era was the initial step that made he guideline in balance for individuals, it made sense of an intricate blend of the best and the most noticeably terrible characteristics of American culture. â€Å"Age of Jacksonian Democracy† and the â€Å"Era of the Common Man† were current guidelines, be that as it may, the United States was a long way from popularity based. It was an imbalanced size of sexual orientation and race. White men were consistently the individuals who got advantage from that solid social scrutinize. Ladies had no privilege in casting a ballot they despite everything needed to dependon their spouses. Fu rthermore, Andrew Jackson likewise upheld the subjection, he possessed a great deal of slaves, and liberated none of them, even upon his demise. Furthermore, According to a history specialist John Larson, he expressedâ€Å"wealth gathering was attached to bondage Jackson rehearsed and guarded what had been the acclimated route for white men to bring in cash for 200 years†. There was no uncertainty that Democracy despite everything stayed manly benefit and racial preference which offered no advantages to ladies, African Americans, or Native Americans. Jacksons Era wasnt vote based any more. Indian Removal Act Andrew Jackson’s strategy with respect to Native American was the most contention in his administration. There had been some unpleasant segregation upon specific races of individuals, and the Indian Removal Act (1830) was the most exceedingly terrible choice of Andrew Jackson. His demonstration constrained the Cherokees, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw and Seminole to surrender their territories and migrated West of the Mississippi. Jackson upheld this demonstration by expressing: No state could accomplish appropriate culture, human advancement, and progress, as long as Indians stayed inside its limits. He looked down on Native American as unskilled, ignoble like savage trackers despite the fact that 90% of the Cherokee Nation could peruse and compose. Indeed, they had acclimatized numerous European-styles and Indians adjusted the traditions or convictions of the white pilgrims into their customary lifestyles which history specialists called â€Å"selective adaptation†. During the 1830s, the Native American made their own language, and they could likewise utilize English. In addition, they could do industrialized cultivating, fill in as dealers, and pick the pioneers who favor them in government. Despite the fact that Andrew Jackson and Thomas Jefferson had great dreams about Democracy, Thomas Jefferson was compassion for Native People; he needed the Native Americans and the U. S. to mix together, to intermix, and to combine consistently. He expressed that â€Å"Surely it will be better for them to be related to us and safeguarded in the control of their properties, than be presented to the numerous setbacks which may jeopardize them while a different people. Truth be told, Jackson had solid ethnic inclination and turned into a main individual to help the approach which was known as Indian Removal. Prior to his political decision as president, he arranged bargains and evacuation strategies with Indian pioneers to convince a few clans to move to Arkansas Territory. In the wake of marking the Indian Removal Act into law in 1830, he attempted to dismiss all Indians. Numerous a Southerner indicated their endorsements of the demonstration in light of the fact that the demonstration helped them gain admittance to the terrains claimed by the Native Americans just as have gold that was found on the grounds. Vowing not to battle, the Cherokee individuals utilized lawful activity to require government had conceded them their property by bargain and hence ought to be secured their properties. The Georgia Court gave the Cherokees no assistance by any means, and the Cherokee claim in the long run arrived at the Unites States Supreme Court. Notwithstanding, it was not effective on the grounds that Jackson would not uphold it. At the point when government troops arrived at Georgia, they excused the clans in such a coercive way. What's more, in mid 1831, the military came to suitable Choctaws grounds to let them move to Oklahoma. In 1835, in the wake of getting the incredible weight from the American Government, the Native Americans boss have the demonstration marked in such an in willful way. Accordingly, it was absolutely uncalled for to the Indians. The Cherokees needed to stroll through in excess of 800 miles from the Mississippi Valley where they lived to Oklahoma. They experienced a great deal of terrible things which caused 4,000 Cherokees passings on the outing. What's more, that hopeless excursion was later called the Trail of Tears. The quantity of disorder and passing was high particularly among youngsters and the senior individuals in light of filthy water, poor sustenance and physical fatigue. Remote and threat street made possibilities for some genuine maladies, for example, smallpox, pneumonia, cholera and looseness of the bowels. It was a horrible fixation for some individuals who endure; an observer expressed that â€Å"Long time we make a trip on approach to new land. Individuals feel awful when they leave old country. Ladies cry and make pitiful cries. Kids cry and make men cry, and all look tragic like when companions bite the dust, however they don't utter a word and simply put heads down and keep go towards West. Numerous days pass and individuals bite the dust without a doubt. We cover near to Trail. After the â€Å"discovery† of Columbus which caused the destruction on Native America, Indian Removal Act was considered as a similar wrongdoing. The Jacksonian Democracy during 1820s to the 1840s was without a doubt impacted President Thomas Jeffersons Democracy. Despite the fact that The Declaration of Independence of Thomas Jefferson expressed: that all men are made equivalent Native individuals under Jacksonian Democracy didn't have that referenced right. With the terrible impact, Indian Removal Act (1830) of Andrew Jackson was not vote based in light of the fact that it viola

Wednesday, July 15, 2020

How Freuds Pleasure Principle Works

How Freud's Pleasure Principle Works Theories Personality Psychology Print How Freuds Pleasure Principle Works By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on June 15, 2019 KidStock / Blend Images / Getty Images More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In Freuds psychoanalytic theory of personality, the pleasure principle is the driving force of the id that seeks immediate gratification of all needs, wants and urges. In other words, the pleasure principle strives to fulfill our most basic and primitive urges, including hunger, thirst, anger, and sex. When these needs are not met, the result is a state of anxiety or tension. Sometimes referred to as the pleasure-pain principle, this motivating force helps drive behavior but it also wants instant satisfaction. As you might imagine, some needs simply cannot be met in the moment we feel them. If we satisfied our every whim whenever we felt hunger or thirst, we might find ourselves behaving in ways that are not appropriate for the given moment. For example, you might swipe your bosses water bottle off the table and take a big swig right in the middle of a business meeting if you simply followed the demands of the pleasure principle. So lets take a closer look at how the pleasure principle works and how it drives behavior, but also the forces that help keep the pleasure principle in line and behave in socially acceptable ways. How Does the Pleasure Principle Work? Recall that the id is the most basic and animalistic part of personality. It is also the only part of personality that Freud believed was present from birth. The id is one of the strongest motivating forces, but it is the part of personality that also tends to be buried at the deepest, unconscious level. It consists of all of our most basic urges and desires. During early childhood, the id controls the majority of behavior. Children act on their urges for food, water, and various forms of pleasure. The pleasure principle guides the id to fulfill these basic needs to help ensure survival.  Sigmund Freud noticed that very young children often try to satisfy these often biological needs as quickly as possible, with little or no thought given whether or not the behavior is considered acceptable. This works out great when youre a kid, but what happens as we age and our childish behaviors become less and less acceptable. Thanks to the development of another important part of the personality, we are able to keep the ids demands in check. The Development of the Ego As children mature, the ego develops to help control the urges of the id. The ego is concerned with reality. The ego helps ensure that the ids needs are met, but in ways that are acceptable in the real world. The ego operates through what Freud referred to as the reality principle. This reality principle is the opposing force to the instinctual urges of the pleasure principle. Instead of seeking immediate gratification for urges, the reality principle guides the ego to seek avenues to fulfill these needs that are both realistic and socially appropriate. Imagine that a very young child is thirsty. They might simply grab a glass of water out of another persons hands and begin guzzling it down. The pleasure principle dictates that the id will seek out the most immediate way to gratify this need. Once the ego has developed, however, the reality principle will push the ego to look for more realistic and acceptable ways to fill these needs. Instead of simply grabbing someone elses water, the child will ask if they can also have a glass. In our earlier example, rather than grabbing your bosses water bottle when you feel thirsty in the middle of a meeting, the reality principle urges you to wait until a more acceptable time to fulfill your thirst. Instead, you wait until the meeting is over and retrieve your own water bottle from your office. While the pleasure principle plays an essential role in motivating actions, the reality principles help ensure that our needs are met in ways that are safe and socially acceptable.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Regulation of Advertising and Promotion Essay - 21364 Words

Chapter 20 Regulation of Advertising and Promotion True / False Questions 1. Regulatory concerns never play a major role in the advertising decision-making process. True False 2. Self-regulation and control of advertising emanate from individual advertisers and their agencies. True False 3. Self-regulation begins with the interaction of client and agency when creative ideas are generated and submitted for consideration. True False 4. Policies and procedures for industry self-regulation are established by the Advertising Self-Regulatory Council. True False 5. Federal law requires that advertisers possess substantiation for their advertising claims before the claims are published. True False 6.†¦show more content†¦A. Both government regulatory agencies and consumer groups are against advertising by members of professional associations. B. Professional associations have always authorized advertising by their members on the basis that such promotional activities heighten members professional status. C. Research has shown that consumers generally disfavor the use of professional advertising. D. The Supreme Court has ruled that professionals, such as dentists and physicians, have the right to advertise. E. Professional advertising is typically considered unethical and fraudulent. 26. Which of the following statements concerning advertising by attorneys is true? A. A sizable faction within the American Bar Association blames the legal professions image problem on sleazy ads. B. The U.S. Supreme Court does not permit lawyers to advertise if they earn more than $100,000 per year. C. Ads soliciting personal injury victims help in enhancing the publics perception of attorneys. D. The American Bar Association recently removed all restrictions on the type of advertising attorneys can use. E. Typically, traditional law firms are in favor of using advertising, particularly on TV, because they believe that it might boost a professions image. 27. A number of self-regulatory mechanisms have been established by the business community in an effort to control advertising practices, andShow MoreRelatedFda s Position On Regulation Of Drug Promotion And Advertising1312 Words   |  6 PagesFDA s position on regulation of drug promotion and advertising has undergone a very interesting pathway, and this is clearly reflected in the way they have enacted their regulations. This process has not been spontaneous but rather a result of extemporaneous pressure and events. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Taking a Look at the Earths Biosphere - 604 Words

The Earth’s biosphere is considered to be the most inclusive layer on the planet; simply put, the biosphere is where life happens. What makes the biosphere so exceptional is the fact that there is no record of life existing anywhere else in space. All of the organisms that inhibit the biosphere impact it in some way. However, humans have the largest impact on the biosphere through the means of industrialization, reproduction, and consumption. As with all of the other organisms inhibiting the biosphere, humans have basic needs in order to thrive. We need habitats, protection, reproductive success, and sustenance. However, unlike other organisms, we have proclivities that span beyond the essential tools needed to survive. We have the unique gift of insight, and with it, the ability to innovate beyond the parameters of any other species on the planet. From the use of fire to the invention of the smartphone, there is a continuum of technological advances. In today’s industrialized societies, these technological conveniences have become vital in order for one to compete for resources. With this dependency, comes a cost, and it threatens the very system that supports life on earth. In North America, 700,000 tons of air pollution is released into the atmosphere every day (Biology). This stems from the use of fuel-burning transportation, product manufacturing, and mining. There are two main classes of air pollution, particles and gases. The discharge of elements into theShow MoreRelatedRogerian Argument Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagespossibly harm the Earth’s planetary biosphere, or has it already done so; in fact, many worldwide scientists have protested that the Earth is at its ‘tipping point’ but no efforts have been adapted to save the biosphere? 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The Anti-bilingual Education Measure Free Essays

The result of California election on June 4th, 1998 was predicted all along. Proposition 227, also known as the anti-bilingual education measure, won in 61% favorable to 39% unfavorable contest. In a seemingly routine contest, the proposition brought out one of the most disparaging groups of supporters and critics, displaying passion for their causes in rallies, forums, debates and TV ads. We will write a custom essay sample on The Anti-bilingual Education Measure or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper examines proposition 227 and its controversy. Then, it proposes what might have been a compromise that satisfied the supporters and the critics alike. After a small protest by some dissatisfied Hispanic American parents on their children†s bilingual education, Ron Unz, the Chairman of English for the Children wrote and spearheaded a movement for Proposition 227. Under the premise that bilingual education had not relieved high dropout rates and low English literacy of many immigrant children in last 20 years, Proposition 227 advocated a new way of education for Limited English Proficiency (LEP) children. It mandated a uniform solution for all LEP children in that all children will be placed in English language classrooms where â€Å"the language of instruction used by the teaching personnel is overwhelmingly the English language, and in which such teaching personnel possess a good knowledge of the English language. † Children who are English learners will be educated through sheltered English immersion during maximum of 1 year. The sheltered English immersion program meant â€Å"nearly all classroom instruction is in English but with the curriculum and presentation designed for children who are learning the curriculum and presentation designed for children who are learning the language. † Passing of such proposal meant virtual elimination of bilingual education in California. The biggest critics of proposition 227 are teachers. They claim that the premise of Proposition 227 epitomizes ignorance. First example is a clause in the measure that allows maximum of a year for sheltered English immersion. The critics dismiss it as confusion over speech fluency and academic fluency in English. They claim that, â€Å"academic fluency in a second language requires 5 to 7 years† instruction. † Therefore, a year of special education is inadequate for preparing LEP children for English language classrooms. Second example is that only 6. 5 percent of the students who are re-classified as fluent in English come from a group of students, only a third of whom are in bilingual programs and most of whom are in the kind of English-only programs mandated by Proposition 227. Hence, concluding bilingual education as a failure is shortcoming. In fact, many bilingual programs work better than other programs in both English acquisition and core subjects . Since, Proposition 227 mandates a single, untested program for all school districts, it fails to address the quality of instruction in core subjects like science and math. Other critics of proposition include the proponents of bilingual education. They claim that benefits of bilingual education include appreciation for cultures. Because language is most fundamental part of any culture, allowing bilingual education is allowing â€Å"the field in which language meets language, culture meets culture, values meet values. † Hence, bilingual education has its own educational merits rather than just assisting education in other subjects. Some proponents take a step further and claim that denying bilingual education is discrimination against minority students. First, the minority students are denied of the â€Å"fundamental tools for reflection, critical thinking, and social interaction. Second, denying bilingual education is an act of affirming white supremacy and English supremacy. Declaring English as the valid language and pointing to critical aspect of knowing English as a requirement for success are two instances where English is pushed as the supreme language. The critics claim that the US is a nation built upon immigration and diversity of races makes it impossible to embrace â€Å"so-called ‘common culture† and ‘common language. â€Å"† One of the prominent supporters of proposition 227 is the general population. According to the poll taken by the Los Angeles Times, 64% of registered white voters and 62% of registered Latino voters favored Proposition 227. Their reasons for the support are echoed in the content of the proposition. First, for the last two decades, bilingual education has not alleviated â€Å"the current high drop-out rates and low English literacy levels of many immigrant children. † They believe that bilingual education has failed because only 6. 5 percent of children with limited English language skills moved into regular classes last year. They site the research that shows that sheltered English immersion is the most effective method of helping non-English speaking children learn English. Also, schools cannot teach all children in their home language because more than 50 languages are spoken in student’s homes. Hence, it is only fair that unified program be offered to all students, allowing all students to equally cultivate their English fluency. The supporters believe in two broad assumptions about education. First, the proposition claims that for â€Å"productive members of our society, literacy in English language is among the most important. Second the proposition claims that â€Å"young immigrant children can easily acquire full fluency in a new language, such as English, if they are heavily exposed to that language in the classroom at an early age. † Hence, the proposition can promote sheltered English immersion for maximum of one year. The criticisms for such claims are rather obvious. First, research shows that if anything can be blamed for high illiteracy rate, it is education in whole since â€Å"over 60 million Americans are illiterate or functionally illiterate. Also, full literacy in English language may not be necessary for productive members of our society since immigrants from Asia and Europe are succeeding quite nicely in America while it is black Americans, â€Å"whose ancestors have been speaking English for over 200 years, find themselves still relegated to ghettos. † Hence, even with conflicting research data, criticisms for bilingual education are exaggerations. Even as such, my own experience with bilingual education makes ending bilingual education attractive. I came to the US only knowing my alphabet. And, I do not remember bilingual classes offered to a Korean kid at my junior high school. Yet, I remember stepping into honors English class by the sophomore year of my high school when Latino and Latina kids I knew from ESL classes in junior high school were still in ESL classes and in bilingual classes. While I am not entirely convinced that bilingual education is a failure, I am convinced that public schools need greater emphasis on academic achievements of students rather then simply graduating them on time. If getting rid of bilingual education means unifying standards for all students, hence challenging all students equally, I must favor getting rid of bilingual education. I trust the much the same sentiment was shared by the voters of Proposition 227. Since I could not decide to amend or not to amend the proposition, I looked to the gaps between the supporters and the critics of the proposition. Then, being the cynic that I am, I found the gaps to be political: both parties were looking out for their own interest, not so much for better education. Therefore, I decided to amend the proposition and to offer both parties their share of satisfaction. In researching for this paper, I kept wondering about substantial reasons for the teachers to oppose Proposition 227. If voters were convinced that something had to change, why were teachers not convinced? Overall, school budgets will not be cut, if anything it will be increased slightly. Then I thought of some reasons for teachers† opposition. First, some of the bilingual education teachers, who earn more than the regular teachers would be in jeopardy from the proposition. Also, funding would be redirected to community members who agree to tutor English learners. I had no reason to see that supporters of the proposition were any better. I did not see the biggest supporter, Ron Unz, the co-author of the proposition and the premier fund contributor of the proposition with $650,000, as either philanthropist or as philosopher who believes in helping out in a worthy cause against the status quo in education. I did see his intentions to be politically charged since, he has 1) challenged Governor Pete Wilson for the 1994 GOP nomination, 2) volunteered to appropriate $50 million per year for 10 years to fund English instruction for individuals who pledge to tutor children in their community, which ensures him a long public exposure and favorable light among employment seekers, and 3) mobilized Latino voters in his side in light of the popular proposition. Hence, instead of choosing the better of two evils, I decided that the best proposition is a compromise between the two. First, basic spirit of the proposition is kept since it won in the election. Hence, LEP children are still mandated to enter English language classrooms. Also, English learners are placed in English immersion program for no more than a year. Second, to satisfy the teachers, some of $50 million will be spent to train current teachers for English language classrooms with LEP children and tutoring LEP children. In addition, current bilingual teachers will be allowed to tutor both LEP children and English learners as many years as assessed as appropriate by both the teacher and the school. Satisfying both the teachers and the parents through amending the proposition should lead to a better education, which is an unintended positive outcome. How to cite The Anti-bilingual Education Measure, Papers

Saturday, April 25, 2020

The Restoration of the Athenian Empire Essay Example

The Restoration of the Athenian Empire Essay Our walls are crumbling and our fleet is minute. We here in Athens are unable to collect tribute from other city-states and are often in threat of being attacked. Our fleet is defenseless and weak. The Democratic fraction, propose that we spend our time and hard earned money on the rebuilding of our walls and fleet. That way Athens can dangerously collect tributes from other Greek city-states. The Democrats also would like to commence in hazardous military voyages with our insubstantial navy. Hoping the result brings forth great rewards. However as a Student of Socrates I strappingly disagree with the Democratic fractions. Yes our walls are collapsing and our fleet feeble but, is it essential to spend our money and time to rebuild. Is it of such importance collecting tributes that we put our great people of Athens at high risk? If we are to lead our few strong navy men to expeditions will they return, and who will protect our city-state. Instead of rebuilding and wasting our valuable time and money, the Students of Socrates propose to enlarge the hoplite divisions. Our foot soldiers will however need equipment in order to protect our great state. We will write a custom essay sample on The Restoration of the Athenian Empire specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Restoration of the Athenian Empire specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Restoration of the Athenian Empire specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We feel that with the money saved from not rebuilding our walls and fleet, our great state can provide these soldiers with the necessary tools. We do not want our walls or fleet to be rebuilt and feel as we should be self-sufficient within our own decaying walls. We feel that if we were to rebuild the fleet we could potentially be corrupting our great people with foreigner’s ideas and thoughts. As Socrates states â€Å"the Democratic fractions will make a tour of other states, where they will hire actors, with their fine persuasive voices, to play their works to large audiences, and sway them over to tyranny or democracy. As found on Page 306 568c Instead of becoming corrupt we wish to make Athens stronger. Socrates advice would be â€Å"to stick to his own way of life†. Anytime you allow outside influence your allowing potential corruption. Also Athens navy is frail and unable to protect the fleet so we would be risking the few strong men we have along with the rest of the Athenian’s. It is vital that we keep our strongest men safe so that we can train several upcoming foot soldiers. Who would we have to protect Athens if our strongest were directed on an expedition and perished? Instead of allowing Athens to become corrupt or even worse weakened under attack we would like to see our great state become self-sustaining. In this we would like Athenian’s to depend on our own resources. We can learn to make what we don’t have and the things that are insurmountable we can learn to live without. This may not be easy but, in time we will become a much stronger Greek unit. Socrates states on page 295 559b â€Å"But the desire for a more varied and luxurious diet is one which, with discipline and training from an early age, can normally be got rid of, and which is physically damaging to intelligence and self-discipline. May it therefore rightly be called unnecessary? † We will learn to be happy with our own resources and man-made items. This will make us nondependent on any other city-state. With our hoplite divisions trained, enlarged and, with sufficient equipment we should be less fearful of potential invasions. If by chance an assault on Athens was to transpire we now have many trained and equipped foot soldiers to protect us. In conclusion The Students off Socrates feel that by not rebuilding the fleet or wall we are making Athens a sturdier more dependent unit. We intend to grow our own nourishment, live off our own resources, and make our own merchandises. Without negative effects of foreign persuasion’s all our efforts and valuable resources will be retained within our own city-state. That with the saved expenses we are able to provide necessary tools and train many added foot soldiers. Adding superfluous security within our city-state. With the expansion of our hoplite division we will be able to keep our great state of Athens and all its inhabitants safe.